What is a recommended method to remove spores from porous contents?

Using a HEPA vacuum is a recommended method to remove spores from porous materials due to its ability to filter out small particles, including mold spores. A HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) vacuum cleaner is specifically designed to capture 99.97% of particles that are 0.3 microns in size, which includes many mold spores. The vacuum creates negative pressure and can effectively ensure that any loose spores or debris are trapped, preventing them from becoming airborne again.

While other methods are useful in certain contexts, they may not be as effective for porous materials. Chemical washing can potentially damage delicate surfaces or materials, and the chemicals themselves may not completely eliminate the spores if not applied correctly. High-pressure steam cleaning can harm porous materials, leading to damage or excessive moisture retention, which might promote further mold growth. Ultrasonic cleaning, though effective for small items, is not generally practical for larger porous materials and may not effectively reach spores embedded deep within these materials. Thus, HEPA vacuuming stands out as a safe and efficient method for remediating mold from porous contents.